In addition, ARL4C is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of renal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung adenocarcinoma in preclinical and clinical trials (Wei et al., 2009; Xie et al., 2021b; Matsumoto et al., 2017; Kimura et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene ARL4C and lung adenocarcinoma.