The KEYNOTE-024 and KEYNOTE-042 studies demonstrated superior clinical benefits of pembrolizumab monotherapy versus platinum-based chemotherapy in unresectable locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients with a PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) of ≥ 1%8,9. Notably, patients with a PD-L1 TPS of ≥ 50% showed significant improvements in both PFS and OS. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.