CAST-KD_TXNIP-OE HCC-1954 cells displayed a robust increase in ROS production relative to TXNIP-OE HCC-1954 cells (Fig. 5A); TXNIP-OE HCC-1954 cells also showed increased ROS production relative to WT HCC-1954 cells (Fig. 2A). This evidence concerns the gene CAST and hepatocellular carcinoma.