To test if mutants had preactivated defenses before bacterial infection, we used reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to test marker genes for SA (ICS1- ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE1, a key gene in SA biosynthesis), JA (JAZ1—JASMONATE-ZIM-DOMAIN PROTEIN1, involved in JA signaling, and LOX4—LIPOXYGENASE4, a component of JA biosynthesis), ABA (NDEC3—NINE-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE3, an ABA biosynthesis gene), and abiotic stress (P5CS1—DELTA1-PYRROLINE-5-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHASE1, involved in catalyzing the rate limiting step in proline biosynthesis) (Fig. 3). The gene discussed is DNAI1; the disease is bacterial infectious disease.