Additional evidence of the role of the Mediator complex and CDK8/19 in the urogenital system comes from studies of their role in prostate cancer, where CDK19 is elevated together with the AR signaling (Becker et al., 2020) and where CDK8/19 inhibition and MED12 knockdown partially inhibit the transcriptional AR signaling (Li et al., 2024; Andolfi et al., 2024). Here, MED12 is linked to Familial prostate cancer.