Zheng et al. (2021) found that GLP-1 could regulate glycolysis in astrocytes through the PI3K/Akt pathway, which exerts neuroprotective effects against AD. One important pathway involved is the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade, which has been shown to reduce tau hyperphosphorylation and neurofilament protein accumulation, thereby protecting against memory impairment (Wang Y. et al., 2023). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.