85 neonates divided into 3 groups:- Group 1 (Control): 10 cases in which UCB levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were normal at birth and CRP was negative at birth and still negative after 3 days- Group 2 (Suspected infection): 45 cases in which UCB level of IL-6 and IL-8 were elevated at birth, and CRP was negative at birth, then became positive after 3 days- Group 3 (Infected): 30 cases in which UCB levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were elevated at birth, and CRP was positive at birth and still positive after 3 days. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and infection.