We validated that these cytokine changes were due to ICI-IA, not cancer type or ICI therapy, by comparing ICI-control and ICI-IA from NSCLC patients (A-D) and monotherapy (anti-PD1/PD-L1) (E-H) and observed increased VEGF-A and TNFα levels, consistent with Fig. 1 (Supplemental Fig. 1). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.