Compared to females, males had lower pre-ART CD4 counts (median 139 vs. 183 cells/μL, p < 0.001), higher TB prevalence (20.5% vs. 10.6%, p < 0.001), and higher mycobacterial load as measured by Xpert semi-quantitative grade (p = 0.03). This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and tuberculosis.