Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess sex differences in TB burden (prevalence, mycobacterial load), the diagnostic accuracy of four WHO-recommended TB screening strategies (symptom screen; CRP; symptom screen followed by CRP, if symptomatic; and Xpert MTB/RIF [Xpert]), and the impact of systematic TB screening (yield, time-to-treatment initiation and early mortality) among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve adults with HIV in a high TB/HIV burden setting. The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is tuberculosis.