The process is categorized into three principal stages: escape, wherein immune-resistant cancer cell clones proliferate and generate tumors; equilibrium, during which the immune system applies selective pressure to eradicate the most immunogenic cancer cell clones; and elimination, wherein the newly transformed cells are identified and eradicated by cytotoxic CD8 + lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and other immune cells [30]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is cancer.