TGFB1 and infection: Analysis of serum cytokine levels revealed that EcNT@L treatment resulted in a reduction of proinflammatory interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) levels compared to the PBS group while concomitantly elevating the concentrations of the anti‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐10 and transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) compared to the Chl group (Figure 6d–f), indicative of its potential to alleviate gut inflammation and combat infection.