In tumor immune microenvironment regulation, a colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) model reveals a more complex lactylation network: Lactate accumulation promoted by intratumoral microbiota (e.g., Escherichia coli) induces lactylation at the K852 site of RIG-I, altering the conformation of its RNA recognition domain and blocking the assembly of the MAVS signaling complex. Here, RIGI is linked to neoplasm.