AKT1 and Alzheimer disease: Metabolites Danshen, composed of Danshen, Panax notoginseng, and Borneol, has been reported to inhibit Bad expression and increase P-AKT expression, providing protective effects for hippocampal neurons in AD mouse models (Liang et al., 2018).Polygala saponins, active metabolites of Polygala, have also been investigated.