TNF and metabolic syndrome: The MetS/E + N group showed further improvements in these parameters compared to the MetS group (p < 0.0001 for all) and MetS/E group (NFκB activity, p < 0.0001; TNF-α, p < 0.01; IL-6, p < 0.05); TGF-β1, p < 0.05; TIMP-1, p < 0.05; hydroxyproline, p < 0.05; Nrf2 level, p < 0.05 and activity, p < 0.01; HO-1, p < 0.05; IRS-1, p < 0.05; p-Ser473 AKT, p < 0.05; SIRT1 level, p < 0.05 and activity, p < 0.001.