Finally, each persister state is composed of unique subpopulations including CTL-persister subpopulations defined by high Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) which may promote tumor vascularization62 and a cycling subpopulation which uniquely expresses EGFR ligand AREG63,64 (Figures 4D and S7E). This evidence concerns the gene NRP1 and neoplasm.