APOE and Alzheimer disease: Further, we age-matched females and males in this sample, which may result in a male sample who is less representative of the general population, given the average male life expectancy is 73.5 years as of 2021.58 Given the increase in AD risk attributed to APOE-ε4 carriership,59 male APOE-ε4 carriers living to an average age of 88 likely required a considerable level of gene-environment protective effects to survive into advanced age.60 Taken together, similar studies in the future should consider a sample that is more representative of the general population.