The treatment of tumor-free SCID/NOD mice with these plasma isolated TSC-null EV delays the clearance of 621L9 cells, injected i.v. 72 hours post EV injection, from the lungs, compared to TSC2 EV or EV-depleted plasma (Fig. 6H), and associates with increased expression of ECM, airway epithelial alveolar type 1/2, and fibroblast related genes, including Itgβ1, Col11a, Mapk13, Cstk, (ECM), Abca3, Lrrc23 (epithelial) and S100A4 (fibroblasts) in the lungs (Fig. 6I). Here, TSC1 is linked to neoplasm.