An increased expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α and chemokines/cytokines related to lymphoid neogenesis such as CXCL13, CXCL10, IL-6 and IL-10, was found during a determination of CSF profiles collected before death in MS cases with known TLO (Magliozzi et al., 2018). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.