β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) overexpression and lack of Gαi isoforms play a role both in the modulation of ventricular ICaL and the development of cardiomyopathy (Engelhardt et al. 1999; Liggett et al. 2000; Foerster et al. 2003, 2004; Keller et al. 2015; Schröper et al. 2024). This evidence concerns the gene ADRB2 and cardiomyopathy.