A large number of T1D candidate genes products are involved in the regulation of the JAK/STAT (e.g. MDA551, TYK228, IRF452, PTPN2253,54), and the MAPKs pathways (e.g. NOTCH255, FASLG56, TNFAIP357, or NRP158), pointing towards their essential role in the disease and consequently critical “candidate pathways” for future T1D interventions. This evidence concerns the gene SOAT1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.