Since KLF2 downregulation in antigen experienced CD8+ T cells is also a defining feature of Trm generation and maintenance4,11,12, these observations provide the most direct evidence to date that the intratumoral phenotypically defined CD8+CD69+CD103+ or CD8+CD69+CD49a+ cells are indeed Trm, and consequently that Trm contribute to inhibition of tumor growth in mice. This evidence concerns the gene ITGA1 and neoplasm.