Compared with that in the control group, the area of ACSL4-positive penile cavernous tissue in the DM group (19.64% ± 3.73%) was significantly greater (P < .05) (Figure 3B), and ACSL4 was expressed mainly in SMCs [α-SMA(+) and ACSL4(+)] and ECs [CD31(+) and ACSL4(+)] (Figure 3A). Here, ACTA1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.