Aerobic training significantly increased ABCA1 mRNA expression (p < 0.05) and reduced soluble Aβ1-42 levels in the hippocampus (p < 0.01) of AD-induced rats, with the greatest effects observed in pre-and post-conditioning groups. Cognitive function improved significantly, as shown by decreased escape latency and swimming distance (p < 0.01) and increased time in the target quadrant (p < 0.01). This evidence concerns the gene ABCA1 and Alzheimer disease.