Treadmill exercise significantly improved learning and memory, reduced Aβ plaques and sAβ1–42 in the brain and blood, and upregulated the expression of NEP, IDE, and LRP-1 in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Here, IDE is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.