showed that HCC cell-derived CXCL9 promotes N1 polarization of neutrophils in vitro, while the specific CXCR3 inhibitor AMG487 significantly blocked this process (141).These findings provide further evidence for the dual effects of TANs and suggest that TANs may directly or indirectly affect patient survival and prognosis. Here, CXCL9 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.