Additionally, we observed more severe pathological damage and higher IAV viral loads in HO-1[flox/flox, Lyz2-Cre] and HO-1[flox/flox, Sftpc-CreERT2] knockout mice, indicating that HO-1 in both myeloid cell and lung epithelial cells is involved in defending against influenza infection and mitigating lung tissue damage. This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and influenza.