MAP1LC3B and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In addition, Pio administration decreased MAP1LC3B (13.24%) and BECN-1 (41.58%) mRNA levels in the T2DM group compared to the corresponding control (T2DM + Pio vs. T2DM + MC, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively, n = 5).