LDB3 and familial dilated cardiomyopathy: Other investigations have demonstrated that genetic mouse models carrying mutant genes identified in patients with LVNC, such as TNNT2 (Luedde et al., 2010) and ZASP/Cypher (Vatta et al., 2003; Zheng et al., 2009), present typical morphological characteristics associated with DCM but lack the clinical phenotype characteristic of LVNC, and these findings are consistent with the results of our study.