GYPC and infection: Furthermore, LASV infection of dendritic cells and macrophages is known to impair their activation and ability to properly execute their roles in cytokine expression and antigen presentation78, 79, 80, 81 while VSV infection of these cells leads to immune activation.82, 83, 84 Thus, immune responses develop under much different conditions during a mild infection caused by VSVΔG-LASV-GPC compared to a LASV infection in a patient with LF, and this likely is an important factor in VSVΔG-LASV-GPC vaccination eliciting protective antibodies.