Pinder et al. [225] reported that neutrophil phagocytosis in 10 patients in the GM-CSF group increased by more than 50%, whereas only 7 (44%) of 16 patients in the control cohort exhibited comparable effects, indicating the potential of GM-CSF to enhance immune cell function and decrease secondary infections in the context of sepsis. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is Sepsis.