In a 2018 meta-analysis of 20 randomized controlled trials that included over 11,000 patients with different types of advanced cancer, the survival benefit with ICI therapy was less marked in females than in males, and the magnitude of the difference between the sexes was similar to the magnitude of difference between patients with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)–positive versus PD-L1-negative tumors [13]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is cancer.