Next-generation sequencing methods enabled the profiling of mutations in AL and POEMS, and subsequently, consistent mutated genes were observed, which included FAT4, IGLL5, ZFHX3, EP300, DIS3, KLHL6, KMT2B, and KRAS in AL [15–18], and HIST1H1B, POLE, KLHL6, RYR1, and USH2A in POEMS [19,20]. Here, USH2A is linked to axial length measurement.