Moreover, as chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity play a significant role in the management of CRS, there is increasing evidence showing that patients with these chronic conditions have elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers (including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, various cytokines, and complement pathway products), which enhance the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells (72, 73). Here, CRP is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.