Experimental studies with GKB extract have observed other metabolic benefits, including reductions in body adiposity in diet-induced-obesity rats, restoration of obesity-induced insulin signaling impairment [54], inhibition of adipogenesis, regulation of lipid metabolism, body weight reduction in mice [55], and a decrease in adipocyte volume from obese rats to dimensions equivalent to adipocytes from non-obese rats, suggesting a potential anti-obesogenic effect of GKB [56]. Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.