Overproduction of VLDL and LDL, in combination with low serum HDL levels contribute to the phenotype of atherogenic dyslipidemia that consists of a predominance of particularly atherogenic, small dense LDL particles, which in turn initiates the cascade of atherosclerosis by penetration and accumulation of apolipoprotein-B-containing lipoproteins within the subendothelial layer of vessels [40,41]. Here, APOB is linked to atherosclerosis.