LSM1 and cancer: Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis indicated that VPS25high malignant cells showed significantly increased expression of genes related to proliferation and the cell cycle, including LSM1, PIN1, CDC26, and CDK4 [35,36,37,38], while VPS25low cancer cells exhibited higher levels of immune-activating genes, including B2M and FTH1 [39,40] (Figure 2H).