MAPK3 and Alzheimer disease: The bark extract of Eucommia ulmoides, rich in iridoid glucosides (geniposidic acid), prevents NDs such as AD by regulating the expression of fragmented poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP), fragmented caspase 3, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL through blocking JNK, p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and PI3K/AKT signaling in H2O2 treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells [156].