As the adenoma progresses, the increasing expression of IL-1α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-23, IL-33, and TGF-β and decreasing levels of IL-12A, IL-18, IFN—γ, and TNFα in the invasive carcinoma stage is being detected. Here, IL21 is linked to invasive carcinoma.