TGFB1 and hydrops fetalis: In summary, the enrichment analysis results indicate that the mechanisms of HF involve a complex regulatory network, including alterations in cell cycle regulation (such as the p53 signaling pathway), disruptions in lipid metabolism (such as the PPAR signaling pathway and the regulation of lipid metabolism in adipocytes), and the dysregulation of inflammatory responses (such as cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions and the TGF-β signaling pathway).