APC and colonic neoplasm: In addition, it has been observed that, in most cases, colon cancer occurs sporadically and is associated with risk factors such as age, diet, race, inflammatory bowel disease, alcohol consumption, history of prior radiation, immunosuppression, cigarette smoking, and gene mutations (adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), deleted in colon cancer (DCC), K-ras, p53, BRAF) (Figure 1) [43,51].