Chi-square tests indicated significant differences in tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, suggesting that tumors in the C2 subtype progressed more rapidly and were more prone to metastasis compared to those in the C1 subtype (Figure 4E).Genomic analysis revealed that the most frequently mutated genes in subtype C1 were APC (70%), KRAS (48%), and TP53 (47%) (Supplementary Figure S18A), while in subtype C2, the most frequently mutated genes were APC (81%), TP53 (74%), and TTN (44%) (Supplementary Figure S18B). Here, APC is linked to neoplasm.