TPH1 and hydronephrosis: Model 1 included stone density (p < 0.001, OR = 5.90, 95%CI = 3.00–11.62), operation time (p = 0.007, OR=2.18, 95%CI = 1.24–3.84), hydronephrosis (p < 0.001, OR = 0.35, 95%CI = 0.21–0.58), urine nitrite positivity (p = 0.037, OR = 2.06, 95%CI = 1.04–4.08) and the percentage of Tph cell (p < 0.001, OR = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.27–0.55) (Table 4).