Psilocybin exhibits specific anti-inflammatory effects by downregulating pro-inflammatory mediators like TNF-α and IL-1β, thereby mitigating low-grade neuroinflammation, restoring altered neural connectivity in depression, facilitating the reprocessing of traumatic memories, reducing amygdala hyperactivity, and enhancing emotional resilience in patients with anxiety and PTSD. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is major depressive disorder.