However, in the current study, after analyzing unstimulated saliva samples using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we found no statistically significant differences in the salivary levels of BCA, lactoferrin, or the lactoferrin/BCA ratio between DS individuals who were periodontally healthy, those with gingivitis, and those with periodontitis. The gene discussed is LTF; the disease is periodontitis.