To confirm that the RhoA/ROCK1/MLC2 signaling pathway is activated during the early stage of viral infection, WRD cells were pretreated for 1 h with inhibitors specific to RhoA (CCG-1423) or ROCK1 (Y27632), followed by incubation with MVC (MOI = 1) for 15 min. Here, RHOA is linked to viral infectious disease.