TNF and Anorexia: In this stage, there is an increase in the circulating levels of catabolic inflammatory cytokines, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which trigger catabolic processes, including the downregulation of albumin synthesis, protein degradation, and the promotion of anorexia [32,33].