TP53 and cancer: The primary mechanisms of actions include, the inhibition of cancer proliferation, cell cycle arrest, induction of cancer phagocytosis, suppression of tumor angiogenesis, immune system stimulation, and initiation of apoptotic cell death, facilitated by the regulation of caspases -3, -8, and -9, AKT, p27, p53, and the BAX/BCL2 ratio.