In addition, beyond PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4-directed immunotherapies, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), adoptive cell therapy (ACT), cytokine therapies, and cancer vaccines need to be investigated in combination with RT to enhance the immune response against TNBC tumors. Here, CD274 is linked to cancer.