STUB1 and cardiac arrhythmia: CHIP was found to be independently associated with an increased risk of multiple arrhythmia subtypes, including supraventricular arrhythmias (HR 1.11), bradyarrhythmias (HR 1.09), and ventricular arrhythmias (HR 1.16) for VAF ≥ 2%, with stronger associations observed for VAF ≥ 10% [35].