Previous studies have shown that hispidulin induces apoptosis through BAX activation, leading to mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss and cytochrome c release, as well as an increased BAX/Bcl-2 ratio in multiple cancer cell lines, including CNE-2Z, SMMC7721, PANC-1, and HT29 cells [14]. The gene discussed is BAX; the disease is cancer.