The most significant impact of COPD-DNA methylation alterations was observed in genes such as zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 14 (ZDHHC14), negative regulator of ubiquitin-like proteins 1 (NUB1), NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), and zinc finger protein 322 (ZNF322) [17]. Here, NUB1 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.